Presidential Outline of Andrew Jackson - 2515 Words

Presidential Outline #10 – John Tyler I. John Tyler (1790-1862) II. John Tyler (Whig) Only Term (1841-1845) III. Education and Occupation A. President Van Buren didn’t receive much education as a child. His parents were Dutch and spoke fluent Dutch. His father, Abraham, owned a tavern. In the tavern, Van Buren spent much of his childhood observing, studying, and listening to the political arguments there, giving him some experience. His formal education ended at the age of 14. B. At the stunning age of 13, President Jackson entered the army in the American Revolution. This ended his childhood and unfortunately wiped out his whole family. He became very skilled as a solder in†¦show more content†¦The battle lasted only twenty minutes. It was short, yet memorable. The Texans majorly defeated the Mexicans in this battle, with only 9 Texans dying total. R. Arkansas enters the Union (1836) – Arkansas entered the Union as a slave state in June of 1836. It was the twenty-fifth state to enter the Union. The purpose of this state being added was to equal the bala nce of power between free states and slaves state. S. Michigan enters the Union (1836) – On the same day as Arkansas, Michigan entered the Union as well. Unlike Arkansas, Michigan entered the Union as a free state instead of a salve state. Michigan was the twenty-sixth state. T. Charles River Bridge v. Warren River Bridge (1837) - VII. Major Social Movements or Events U. Webster-Haynes Debate (1830) – This was a famous debate in the United States between the Senator Daniel Webster and the Senator Robert Y. Haynes. The general topic of their powerful debate was the topic of protectionist tariffs. Webster’s second attack directed to Haynes was the most powerful, and was even paraphrased by future president Lincoln in his Gettysburg address. V. Nat Turner Rebellion (1831) – This was a major slave rebellion that took place in Southern Virginia. The rebellion was led by Nat Turner, and he led many rebel slaves who murdered over 50 white men. The rebellion only lasted a few days, but it had a huge impact onShow MoreRelatedFather And Son Historians, Arthur M. Schlesinger Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pages179). The official ranking lists Andrew Jackson as the fifth best president overall, which landed him a comfortable spot in the â€Å"Near Great† category. Andrew Jackson’s presidency belongs in a much lower cat egory due to his immoral character, unilateral decision-making, and his unimpressive presidency relative to that of other presidents. Before expanding on the specifics of why Andrew Jackson does not belong in the â€Å"Near Great† category, the criteria that Andrew Jackson along with other presidents willRead MoreThe President Of The United States1037 Words   |  5 Pagesnational power. 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Analysis Of The Article Lost Of America By Douglas Mcgray

In his article â€Å"Lost in America,† Douglas McGray highlights the issues of isolationism in the American educational system. The article was issued by Foreign Policy magazine in 2006. Through his article, McGray expresses his concerns about the lack of focus of the American educational system on the learning of foreign cultures. McGray’s target audience is people that can make changes in the educational curriculum, which signifies that his intended audience includes American legislators involved in American curriculum policies. McGray, who is co-creator and editor-in-chief of Pop-Up Magazine, claims that Americans are neglecting a valuable resource that is essential for the future generations’ success in the competitive world market. In his article â€Å"Lost in America,† McGray uses anecdotes to build credibility and trust, uses hyperboles to surprise and instigate fear, and motivates his audience with a call to action, to provide American legislators the actual state of the American education and effectively persuade them to incorporate foreign culture studies into the American educational curriculum. McGray cleverly uses personal anecdotes to build reliability and present himself as a trustworthy writer. Used at the beginning of the article, McGray’s anecdote talks about the lack of geographical knowledge of an American teenager. McGray shares, â€Å"Christina is a modern, multitasking, American 15-years-old†¦ Christina is puzzled. â€Å"The Philippines is an island?† she asks

Political Ideology and Analysis for Powerful Weapon-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePolitical Ideology and Analysis for Powerful Weapon. Answer: Political ideology is by definition a defined set of ideas and opinions which a group of individual or class can use to base the political activity in a society. Ideologies are in a sharp contrast to scattered or amateurish dispersion of ideas that in no way can create political beliefs. Political ideologies are fundamental in giving rise to political phenomenon. An individuals ideologies are essential in influencing his/her political behaviors. The essential sources of political ideologies are generally collected from slogans, speeches, studying carefully the functioning of different states. On the existence of ideology in a state, it is however imperative that there will exist ideological strife due to the presence of other political ideologies and beliefs. It is inherent in a man to possess political ideologies which will continue to have a strong impact on hi will and imaginative faculties. The essay will discuss political ideologies, its application in states, different types of political ideologies existing in the society today and its implications in government and functioning. Furthermore, the essay will also discuss in length the importance of overlapping political ideologies and ideological strife. However, political practitioners have also enumerated on the elusiveness of political ideology since there can never be a compact definition of the term. The ideologies are fundamental for providing a secured link between theory and practice and make the concepts of society, inter-relation of politics with individuals precise to the students of political science (Vincent 2009). Ideologies act as a powerful weapon since it is only by the existence of conflicting political ideologies that a state can progress successfully. Researchers have concluded that the mere implantation of a certain political ideology into a persons mind can help the individual possess an altogether different worldview. If one delves deeper into history, one can conveniently come across how conflicting political ideologies have been held responsible for giving rise to Cold War between United States and Soviet Union (Makovi 2016). Ideological warfare has been the core reason amounting to destructive campaigns, des truction of cultural properties for the deliberate damage to the belief of a particular sect or religion in order to upheld the other and the like. Over the years social scientists have come to regard political ideologies as a set of manners, values, opinions, beliefs and behavior that would come to define a person and invests a distinctive identity in him. One of the important consequences of conflicting political ideologies, ideological warfare is the result of changing taste and perception of the perpetually evolving society and their conflicts. Today in the 21st century, irrespective of the country or state, political ideologies are been created by social media sites and to some extent search engines. It is precisely here that one can gauge the extent to which political ideology is important in opinion formation and directing a crowd toward a definite direction. Theorists have claimed that over the years, videogames have manipulated their users for the sake of creating political ideologies, for instance the legitimizing military war and destruction, creating an unreal picture of male figure, or normalizing violence. At this juncture one may come across the crucial question that whether any state could at all exist bereft of its political ideologies. However, as much as this gives the readers a very utopian picture of the society, the existence of such a state is practically impossible. The state would become fragmented if its constituents have no political ideologies. Every state has to possess a set of ideologies albeit it can be complex or inter-mixed in their nature (Baradat and Phillips 2016). Some of the major political ideologies in the realm of political ideologies are liberalism, socialism, conservatism and anarchism. However, the basic overlapping of ideologies is an important area to study since it indicates that no society can progress depending upon an ideology that is basically a sealed system of opinion or thoughts. If a state wants to compartmentalize political ideology, the result will be an essentially flawed functioning of its system. If a state has started to getting saturated or corruption the ideologies can in fact offer answer to its doubts and questions (Ferris et al. 2017). The existence of political ideologies is essential in the functioning of politics since they can offer the possibility of change according to which the state will continue to function. Ideologies are also important for a state to achieve something, for instance with socialism which is a dominant political ideology in Scandinavian countries, Vietnam, Cuba and China is characterized by the owning and controlling of means of production by centralized government. The system is based on the tenets of egalitarianism and the principle behind the creation of socialism is to ensure a more democratic state for the people. People believed in the ideology of socialism because of its emphasis on social issues like the access to voting to have a say in government formation. At this juncture it is rather concise to understand that political ideology play the fundamental role of organizing and integrating a disorganized mass in order to achieve a number of goals like synchrony or collaboration required in the functioning of state (Ferris et al. 2017). With anarchism as a political ideology in a state which is comprised of beliefs like freedom and equality of all bestowed by those who are at governing position. The ideology of anarchism is fundamental to understand the invasion of foreign elements in the society and the role that they play. These ideologies are firm foundations upon which a society is formed with the formation of social groups with shared or conflicting political ideologies (Bartels 2016). The study of society will remain incomplete without the thorough understanding of the aspiration, conflicts and struggles of social class which will be fostered with a deep understanding of political ideologies. Without political ideologies no social theorists will be able to unify the fragments of society or understand the core reasons behind such fragmentation. In the realm of politics, ideologies help us to understand the functioning of western countries that believe in the concept of a government with limited power and the fact that government has no right to become arbitrary (Gasman 2017). A government should be the representative of people, its power equally distributed amongst the nation states (Ferris et al. 2017). This itself reflects the influence of political ideologies. Another popular ideology that has been the subject of numerous discussion is the Nazi ideology which help readers to understand how this political ideology which benefits the elite set of government officials and industrialists at the rate of ideological manipulation of the entire society (Vincent 2009). Understanding of political ideology will also give a clear concept regarding how Hitler put the concept of racial subjugation at the core o his political ideology. His ideologies hindered the intermingling of people bringing from two different classes creating shee r hostility and strife and resulting in the rise of autocratic power (Vincent 2009). It enumerates the consequences of the creation of a state that does not thrive on mutual harmony but racial supremacy and elimination of a fraction of human race. In other International states like US the dominant political ideology is divided between the Republicans and Conservatisms. The polarity of their different ideologies is apparent in their opinions on some of the core issues plaguing America currently, for instance immigrants, xenophobia and homosexuality (Ball, Dagger and ONeill 2016). Their different approaches of these individuals are not inherent nor were bestowed during birth. It is rather a slow progression of ideological interpellation, a process by which different sets of ideas and concepts tend to get ingratiated within our minds. In Australia or other International countries, ideologies have given shape to individuals identity different from the one they were born with (Kershaw 20 14). In Australia the two fundamental political parties, the Australian Labor Party and Liberal-National Party Coalition have been responsible for giving a concrete shape to the ideological beliefs and opinions of the people. A change in peoples ideologies will reflect a change in their opinion regarding the socio-economic changes taking place in Australia (Schwartz 2017). Australian cultural policy has been significant in influencing International development of rationales forming the core elements of cultural policies. From the very beginning of its functioning, the goal of Australian Labor Party has been to spread democratic socialism which sought for fair distribution of economic and political opportunities, employment rights to secure the people of their social and political rights. The birth and understanding of political ideologies is essential here to make judgments upon the functioning of the state and to shape them in a fashion as to assure the highest advantage for its people. People with an understanding of liberal ideology has the power to view its goal of promoting social welfare in order to give birth to a society which will be well-nourished spiritually and intellectually (Ball, Dagger and ONeill 2016). As a part of their political ideology, labor government has also sought to provide and nourish the cultural and artistic aspects in the society (Waldo 2017) It is therefore safe to conclude that a thorough understanding of political ideology is essential not merely for a fair understanding of political science but for the basic functioning of state and society. No society can advance without a set of well defined ideologies as its guiding light. The paper has also discussed at length the scope of contradicting ideology for an understanding of the class conflicts and the demands of dominant class in the society. Reference List: Ball, T., Dagger, R. and ONeill, D.I., 2016. Liberalism. InPolitical Ideologies and the Democratic Ideal(pp. 70-129). Routledge. Ball, T., Dagger, R. and ONeill, D.I., 2016.Political ideologies and the democratic ideal. Taylor Francis. Baradat, L.P. and Phillips, J.A., 2016.Political ideologies: Their origins and impact. Taylor Francis. Bartels, L.M., 2016.Unequal democracy: The political economy of the new gilded age. Princeton University Press. Ferris, G.R., Perrew, P.L., Daniels, S.R., Lawong, D. and Holmes, J.J., 2017. Social influence and politics in organizational research: What we know and what we need to know.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,24(1), pp.5-19. Gasman, D., 2017.The scientific origins of national socialism. Routledge. Kershaw, I., 2014.Hitler. Routledge. Makovi, M., 2016. Interest Groups and the Impossibility of Democratic Socialism: Hayek, Jewkes, and the Arrow Theorem. Miller78, D., 2016. Citizenship and national identity.Democracy: A Reader, p.447. Vincent, A., 2009.Modern political ideologies. John Wiley Sons. Waldo, D., 2017.The administrative state: A study of the political theory of American public administration. Routledge.

Effective Leadership Learning Organization

Question: Discuss about theEffective Leadershipfor Learning Organization. Answer: Discussion of the Qualities of an Effective Leader in a Learning Organization Learning organization provides the employee with knowledge which is exactly tuned up with the organizations goal to get the employee skilled perfectly which will further result in the expansion of economic growth for the respective company. In the learning organization, leaders are absolutely committed on prioritizing the importance of learning in terms of procuring substantial growth from company economic activity (Christensen, Mackey Whetten, 2014). Leaders have a soul responsibility in making labors aware the need for learning in the learning organization. The first question arises, why to learn and motive behind learning; the second question arises how to learn and what to learn; the third question demands to capture the desired opportunity. A leader in order to impart education at the workplace needs to have the formal qualification (Daft, 2014). The leaders must analyze the potential of influencing another employee. Leaders have the important role in identifying issues and carr y out in a right way. Providing motivation to the employees is important as to increase the performance and the effectiveness of the organization on a large scale, moreover, the rewarding programs and incentives boost the efforts of the employees. Analysis of the Leadership Strategies which Ensures Positive Results Leadership strategies are the strategies which a leader uses to accomplish the organizational needs as per specified. Leadership strategies can be conceptualizing with many other aspects of the organizational domain, which can be political, organizational, etc. Some of the leadership strategies which help in bringing positive outcomes for the firm are as follows: Transformational leadership strategies are those which occurs when an organization goes through several transitional phases, for example, if a company expands to the global market, or simultaneously changing owner. The leader needs to set a belief in the customer and embrace it at the right way. Autocratic leadership emphasizes that the authority will be absolute in one hand, and they hardly come to know about what strategy they should acquire at any given circumstances. Employees have no participation in leader's decision and have to have work done on the given timeline (Day et.al, 2014). Transactional leadership strategy links directly the work performance and the wages set upon that. If someone has done more than expected, then he would definitely be rewarded for the work done with exceptions. Those who cannot perform well have their consequences may be in terms of the wage cut. Participative leadership strategy is something that best suited for employees (Dinh, et al. 2014). This is more kind of political leadership, where everyone feels to have importance. Leaders allow an employee to participate in decision making so it is very popular. Explanation of the Qualities a Leader Hindering the Learning Process Learning process in an organization is a skill full act but under the right guidance. In different firms, it has been seen that the confidence in the leaders helps in increasing the effectiveness of their decision-making processes. Moreover, the confidence is supposed to be good for the leaders but the over-confidence affects the growth of the firm negatively and therefore it becomes very crucial for them to identify the factors affecting their leadership qualities. Moreover, the leader needs to think for the employees along with the firm as it helps in improving the overall performances of the firm. There are some leaders who merely think of the firm irrespective of the employees which affects the significant growth of the organization on a large scale (Holt Marques, 2012). The Autocratic leaders need to understand the needs of the employees and they should take decisions as per considering the factors affecting the business process of the organization. Role of Ethics in the Decision-Making Process The role of ethics in decision making is very important because it clearly states to avoid any misconduct that can lodge negative social impact. It can also be called moral philosophy which interprets itself in fundamental values. There is been many discussion going on about the incorporation of ethics into the workplace, consumer interest, social beliefs. This philosophy acts as a constraint between the company and people of the firm. This ethic would enhance the companys valuation in every aspect, which will be a beneficial point in attracting new stakeholders and in making relations with new entities. Whenever a question arises in the board meeting about which is right and wrong, ethic will absolutely help in identifying the true knowledge (House et.al, 2013). Ethics will improve equal rights and put out inequalities aside. The ethic philosophy is very much helpful in answering intuitive judgments and descriptive questions. By the personal virtue of ethics, it is very much obvious that why some managers are very effective in execution of work or while making decision on descriptive questions Identification the ways in which Organization gets Affected by Unsystematic Decisions of the Leader A leader can be very busy considering every work to be as important as others, but a self-confidence and a slight lack of knowledge could get everything hampers and unworthy in terms of any aspect (Liden et.al, 2014). It has also been seen with the leader with past experiences tends to believe that the current problem can be solved by seeking past experiences, that actually can ruin the moral of a leader. Politics into the workplace can almost exhaust any leader and make him feel less important. Many times opportunities come to inexperienced hands so the purpose lacks clarity which turns into inefficiency in the leaders behalf. There are many world leaders who have done wrong deeds just to boost their ego, and as a result, the distraction led the people to lead an undignified life (Renko at.al, 2015). Many scams which eventually caused the company to shut down its work and many employees got fired. These unsystematic decisions have sought special attention to resolve whether is gover n by the government body or by financial institutions which can recover the loss afterward. References Christensen, L. J., Mackey, A., Whetten, D. (2014). Taking responsibility for corporate social responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding socially responsible firm behaviors.The Academy of Management Perspectives,28(2), 164-178. Daft, R. L. (2014).The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Day, D. V., Fleenor, J. W., Atwater, L. E., Sturm, R. E., McKee, R. A. (2014). Advances in leader and leadership development: A review of 25years of research and theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 63-82. Dinh, J. E., Lord, R. G., Gardner, W. L., Meuser, J. D., Liden, R. C., Hu, J. (2014). Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 36-62. Holt, S., Marques, J. (2012). Empathy in leadership: Appropriate or misplaced? An empirical study on a topic that is asking for attention.Journal of business ethics,105(1), 95-105. House, R. J., Dorfman, P. W., Javidan, M., Hanges, P. J., de Luque, M. F. S. (2013).Strategic leadership across cultures: GLOBE study of CEO leadership behavior and effectiveness in 24 countries. Sage Publications. Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., Liao, C., Meuser, J. D. (2014). Servant leadership and serving culture: Influence on individual and unit performance.Academy of Management Journal,57(5), 1434-1452. Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L., Brnnback, M. (2015). Understanding and measuring entrepreneurial leadership style.Journal of Small Business Management,53(1), 54-74.

The Life Story Of Nikita Khrushchev Essays - Old Bolsheviks

The Life Story of Nikita Khrushchev His story is something like a fairy tale. A humble young peasant boy, born to a world of famine and poverty with 100 million peasants just like him, works and fights his way up the political ladder of Russia to one day become its most powerful force, simultaneously holding the offices of Premier of the U.S.S.R. and First Secretary of the Communist Party. It seems incredible, but it should be remembered that Nikita Khrushchev did not accomplish this feat without much sacrifice and hard work on his part. Coming from virtually nothing, he struggled for many years to rise among the ranks in Revolutionary Russia before he achieved the position of a widely-loved ruler and powerful, determining force in international affairs. And although, in the end, he was cast down from this climactic position, it was not before this loquacious and personable man had employed his keen and incisive mind toward making many gains for and improvements in twentieth-century Russia. To truly understand how humble and common his beginnings were, one must understand the situation in Russia toward the end of the nineteenth century. Serfdom had only recently been abolished, and, as a result, there was a severe shortage of land and widespread poverty and illiteracy. Only the strongest and cleverest were able to make a living from their new-found freedom; most just struggled to survive. It was among this majority, on April 17, 1894, that Nikita Sergeievich Khrushchev was born. As a boy, he lived in Kalinovka, a poor villiage in the Ukraine, in an izba, a mud hut with a thatched roof, with his grandfather, a large family, and the family's animals. His father, it is said, lived his life with the ambition to buy a horse, but he never saved enough money to do so. In the end, the family was forced to give up their home and move to Yuzovka in another part of the Ukraine. Throughout his childhood, Nikita was forced to work to survive. His education amounted to only two or three years in the village school, for he was forced to go to work herding cows when he was nine. Following that, he was em- ployed as many things, including a farm hand, a factory worker, and finally a miner in the coal pits. It was at this time that his determination to better himself was first made apparent, for, rather than letting himself be destined forever to work in the pits, he offered his services in all areas of the job, including the development of pit-heads, elevators for the mines. This was also the time in which the young Khrushchev's rebellious nature began to surface, but rather than to striking or union-organizing, it was applied toward politics. It all began with a visit to the mines in 1917 by a man called Kaganovich, who was sent to recruit miners for the Revolution. Nikita, who was 23 and viewed this man as both a romantic figure and an opportunity to break from his social boundaries, joined his Bolshevik group and, by doing so, took his first of many steps in his forthcoming rise to political power. Soonafter, Khrushchev, a loyal but not very active Bolshevik member, became involved with the Communist party as well. Prior to this point, he had been exempt from military service due to his indispensibility in the local coal industry. Also, he had been responsible for a family, as he had married his wife, Galina, during his years in the coal mines, and now had two children (Leonid and Julia), which made him want to remain near Yuzovka. However, in 1919, that rebellious, power-seeking inner sense of Nikita's got the best of him, and he went off to join the Red Army. When the war ended, Khrushchev, whose main objective had been to emerge as a politician until he found how difficult it was to compete with the "higher-born," at least had succeeded in proving himself to be a loyal and useful figure. Soonafter, he returned home with the task of organizing a local Communist party. When he arrived back in Yuzovka, however, he found the area, along with much of the Ukraine, suffering due to a great famine. Peasants were forced to eat bark, grass, leather and one another to survive, and many died, including Khrushchev's wife. It was a very sad and difficult time for Nikita, but he retaliated against his depression by devoting himself wholeheartedly toward the reorganization of Russia. At once he set about to restore local factories

The Pros Cons of Ethics in Accounting Essay Example

The Pros Cons of Ethics in Accounting Essay Example The Pros Cons of Ethics in Accounting Essay The Pros Cons of Ethics in Accounting Essay Articles on: â€Å"A Study on â€Å"The pros and cons of Ethics in accounting practice in India† Author: 1Author: 2 Dr. Giridhar K. V. Mr. Krishna M. M. Assistant Professor,Faculty Member, Department of MBA,Department of Commerce Management, Sahyadri Arts Commerce College,Sahyadri Arts Commerce College, Kuvempu University,Kuvempu University Shimoga-577203. Shimoga-577203. e-mail: giridhar. [emailprotected] come-mail: krishna. [emailprotected] com Cell No. : 9980647833Cell No. 9611473965 Ph. No. : 08182-240022 Ph. No. 08128-401758 Office Address: Sahyadri Arts Commerce College (Constituent college of Kuvempu University), Shimoga-577203. Abstract: â€Å"A Study on â€Å"The pros and cons of Ethics in accounting practice in India† Introduction: All business dealings invariably involve finance and accounting. Everything that a business does has accounting ramifications. Most of the ethical issues in accounting are concerned with accounting statements. Internal financial reporting has to be honest, fair and reliable for an organization to perform effectively. Most business failures are associated with either marketing failure, like failure in selling products or mismanagement in operations. Any of these above failures will always have financial implications. When businesses are weakened due to bad debts or mismatched funding or under capitalization, companies are often tempted to falsify the accounts. It is here that the importance of ethics in accounting statements comes in. This paper discusses the importance of ethics in accounting. Statement of the Problem: The accounting and auditing profession is now facing increased ethical demands due to the corporate scandals. Therefore, we think it would be interesting to investigate the level of ethical reasoning of accountants and auditors. Objectives of the Study: The aim of the study is, from an Indian perspective, to examine the level of ethical reasoning among auditors and accountants when facing an ethical dilemma. Methodology: This paper gives a short presentation of the approach we have chosen for our study. This is followed by information about our data collection, sample, survey and interviews. Finally, the validity and reliability of the study are presented. Theoretical framework: This part gives a presentation of ethics in business, ethics in accounting and ethical reasoning in decision-making. The theory starts out from a broad perspective as a background to our problem for the reader to understand the issue before introducing the main problem; the ethical reasoning among accountants and auditors. Analysis: In this part we combine the theoretical framework with the results from the empirical findings. The results are analyzed and discussed. Conclusion: Accounting is undergoing rapid transition. The changing environment has not only extended the boundaries of accounting but also created a problem in defining the scope of the ethical aspects. However all attempts have been made in this paper to provide a solid foundation covering ethics and also the crucial aspects on which accountants can build upon and achieve success. References: 1. E John Larsen – 1992 – Modern Advanced Accounting, Mc Graw Hill 2. ICFAI Research Bureau – December 2003 – Business Ethics and Corporate Governance, IUP (ICFAI University Press) 3. ICFAI Research Bureau – September 2009 – Case Study in Business Ethics and Corporate Governance, IUP (ICFAI University Press) 4. ICFAI Research Bureau – April 2005 – Accounting For Managers, IUP (ICFAI University Press) 5. http://business-ethics. com/ 6. http://web-miner. com/busethics. htm

Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Egypt - Essay Example The settlement marked the onset of a more centrally oriented society; the Early Dynasty Period (3100-2686 BCE); the kingdom of the earliest Egyptian king Menes. The Egyptians made use of copper, made architectural and state buildings. Firmly established was the concept of 'Divine Kingship' which persisted in Egypt for around three millennia (Kinnaer, 2012). The Old Kingdom (2686-2181 BCE) was one of the high times of the Egyptian civilization, centered on the God kings; their mummification and the concept of immortality being practiced for the royals and the priests. The first evidence of statue making, painting and writing of annals of important events is also found in this dynasty. This Era in antiquity was followed by collapse of the unified Egypt due to political instability, famine and local violation of temples and then began the First Intermediate Period(2181-2055 BCE) which witnessed much turmoil in shape of low floods. While the Nile floods allowed cultivation of land, Herak leopolitan king Bahr Yusuf restored order and stability in the region. Subsequently the Theban ruler Mentuhotep unified Egypt again and gave way to the establishment of Middle Kingdom (Hassan, 2012). The Theban ruler reestablished central authority, regained hold of southern delta and unified the two valleys to usher the Middle Kingdom(2055-1650 BCE). In this era the Cult of Orisis was attended to and military campaigns were sent, that contributed in regaining Egypt`s lost land. Finest carved reliefs and outstanding monuments like Mentuhotep's mortuary complex are the gifts of this dynasty to the Egyptian history (Meyers, 1996). When the Huskos invaded this land, the Second Intermediate(1650-1550 BCE) Period started which was characterized mainly by decentralization, change of center to Thebes, production of literary and scientific text and administrative records. This era ended after the Theban rulers drove Huskos away from Avaris. Subsequent rise of the Theban ruler Ahmose ushered the New Kingdom (1550-1069 BCE) and the pharaohs commanded unimaginable wealth.The Empire became the most prosperous of all times and at the peak of its power (Shaw, 2000). A number of artistic finds are related to this period including monumental architecture, mortuary temples of Thebes, statuary to honor pharaohs and gods, huge tombs made by cutting rock and various artistic masterpieces created by common individuals of that society. This period spans over five centuries (Logan, 1977). With the death of the pharaoh in 21st Dynasty, began the 350 years duration of politically divided rule; and finally at the end Nubians took over; in the Third Intermediate Period however bronze statuary kept on flourishing (the Third intermediate Period, metmuseum.org). After some years of Nubian rule, Assyrians invaded the land and fought for about 8 years; the Late Period(664-332 BCE) began from here, then the Saite took over and Egypt became its ally. After fall of Assyrians, Babylonians posed the major threat but the Persians conquered Babylon and with it Egypt as well. Alexander the Great defeated the Persians in 332 B.C. The last dynasty to rule ancient Egypt was Nectanebo, and Nectanebo II